The history of Western arts is reduced largely to history of European arts from the Middle Ages and the classical Greco-Roman arts; and the beginning of arts history with the civilizations that are considered precedents (Egypt and the Middle East). The artistic manifestations of earlier times in Europe and the Mediterranean basin are very different, because although some are very distant in time and have a great cultural distance (prehistoric arts); other non (reclaimed wood wall art).
The painters then passed to increase the realism ofir work using the new techniques of perspective (recently rediscovered and well developed), representing a more realistic three dimensions. The manipulation of light and and shadow, present in work of Ticciano with contrasting tones, was performed excellently by chiaroscuro techniques developed by Leonardo da Vinci. The sculptors also rediscover many ancient techniques.
In antiquity, arts was associated with the formal requirements of religious rituals: most of monuments and elements with undeniable arts value that have survived (painting, sculpture, architecture), were intended to symbolize the royal power and myths celestial world. This view of arts is especially between the Egyptians and Babylonians. In Egyptian arts is a celebration of eternal life, manifesting in early days the idea that Pharaoh was still living after his physical death. In Egypt, from the earliest dynasties, Pharaoh was conceived as responsible for Maat, Universal Order and Justice, and this will be reflected in arts.
The arts during the Middle Ages was almost exclusively linked to religion, specifically Christianity. During this period, in which the vast majority of farmers were illiterate, visual arts were the primary means of communicating religious ideas with sermons. The Catholic Church was one of few institutions rich enough to pay for the work of arts, and therefore most of works of this period were religious in nature (conditioning the emergence of what is known as sacred arts).
In European arts, Renaissance Classicism led on two different movements: Mannerism and Baroque. The first, a reaction against the idealist perfection of Classicism, employed distortion of light and space in work in order to emphasize its emotional content and emotions of artist. Baroque arts led representation techniques from the Renaissance to new heights, emphasizing detail and movement inir pursuit of beauty. Perhaps the best known Baroque painters are Rembrandt, Rubens and Velazquez.
Mannerism is a period of transition and profound crisis of arts. Young arts, raised in veneration of office of his great predecessors (Michelangelo, Leonardo and Raphael) believe most ofse achievements insurmountable. Alternatives to continue its wake are tested: imitate the style -the maniera, which names the based on further complicate foreshortening and contrasts, or look strange colors and harmonies, or represent allegories strange that even in his time were obscure to uninitiated.
Baroque arts is often seen as parts of a strategy of Counter or Catholic reform: the arts element of rise of spiritual life of Catholic Church. To some arts historians the emphasis Baroque arts gives grandeur is seen as a reflection of Absolutism. Louis XIV of France said: "I am the embodiment of grandeur", and many Baroque arts served kings seeking the same goal. However, the Baroque love of detail is often regarded as the result of excessive ornamentalism, somehow, vulgar, especially when the Baroque evolves into decorative Rococo style.
The Greeks are also responsible for a series of advances from the technical point of view of arts production. Greek arts par excellence was the sculpture: the Greeks developed impressively, and will be considered a role model for other cultures in same period.
The painters then passed to increase the realism ofir work using the new techniques of perspective (recently rediscovered and well developed), representing a more realistic three dimensions. The manipulation of light and and shadow, present in work of Ticciano with contrasting tones, was performed excellently by chiaroscuro techniques developed by Leonardo da Vinci. The sculptors also rediscover many ancient techniques.
In antiquity, arts was associated with the formal requirements of religious rituals: most of monuments and elements with undeniable arts value that have survived (painting, sculpture, architecture), were intended to symbolize the royal power and myths celestial world. This view of arts is especially between the Egyptians and Babylonians. In Egyptian arts is a celebration of eternal life, manifesting in early days the idea that Pharaoh was still living after his physical death. In Egypt, from the earliest dynasties, Pharaoh was conceived as responsible for Maat, Universal Order and Justice, and this will be reflected in arts.
The arts during the Middle Ages was almost exclusively linked to religion, specifically Christianity. During this period, in which the vast majority of farmers were illiterate, visual arts were the primary means of communicating religious ideas with sermons. The Catholic Church was one of few institutions rich enough to pay for the work of arts, and therefore most of works of this period were religious in nature (conditioning the emergence of what is known as sacred arts).
In European arts, Renaissance Classicism led on two different movements: Mannerism and Baroque. The first, a reaction against the idealist perfection of Classicism, employed distortion of light and space in work in order to emphasize its emotional content and emotions of artist. Baroque arts led representation techniques from the Renaissance to new heights, emphasizing detail and movement inir pursuit of beauty. Perhaps the best known Baroque painters are Rembrandt, Rubens and Velazquez.
Mannerism is a period of transition and profound crisis of arts. Young arts, raised in veneration of office of his great predecessors (Michelangelo, Leonardo and Raphael) believe most ofse achievements insurmountable. Alternatives to continue its wake are tested: imitate the style -the maniera, which names the based on further complicate foreshortening and contrasts, or look strange colors and harmonies, or represent allegories strange that even in his time were obscure to uninitiated.
Baroque arts is often seen as parts of a strategy of Counter or Catholic reform: the arts element of rise of spiritual life of Catholic Church. To some arts historians the emphasis Baroque arts gives grandeur is seen as a reflection of Absolutism. Louis XIV of France said: "I am the embodiment of grandeur", and many Baroque arts served kings seeking the same goal. However, the Baroque love of detail is often regarded as the result of excessive ornamentalism, somehow, vulgar, especially when the Baroque evolves into decorative Rococo style.
The Greeks are also responsible for a series of advances from the technical point of view of arts production. Greek arts par excellence was the sculpture: the Greeks developed impressively, and will be considered a role model for other cultures in same period.
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